Mangal Pandey

Mangal Pandey was born on 19 July 1827 in the village of Nagwa in the Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh. A sepoy in the 34th Regiment of the Bengal Native Infantry (BNI) of the English East India Company, he entered the annals of Indian history for attacking his British officers, sparking off the First War of Indian Independence or as the British termed it, the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. At Barrackpore near Kolkata on March 29, 1857, Pandey attacked and injured his British sergeant, besides wounding an adjutant. A native soldier prevented him from killing the adjutant and the sergant-major. He was arrested and sentenced to death. He was hanged on April 8, 1857. The primary reason behind Mangal Pandey's behavior was because of a new type of bullet cartridge used in the Enfield P-53 rifle. It was rumoured that the cartridge was greased with animal fat (pig and cow fat), which neither Hindus nor Muslims consumed. The cartridges had to be bitten off to remove the cover, which was detested by both the Hindu and Muslim soldiers in the army. The general feeling was that British intentionally did it. What added to the discontent was that the Commandant of the 34th BNI(Bengal Native Infantry) was a known Christian preacher. There are many who have questioned whether Mangal Pandey was a brave martyr or one who attacked his officer under intoxication. The Bollywood movie, The Rising in 2005 was based on the life and times of Mangal Pandey. His life was also the subject of a stage play titled The Roti Rebellion.

Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi

Born in 1834, Rani Laxmibai's courage, deeds of valour and heroic battle against the British have become the theme of many a folklore and ballad in the country. She is the immortal warrior the country has ever seen. Even as a child Laxmibai learnt horse riding and sword fighting. When both her husband Raja Gangadhar Rao of Jhansi and her only son died in 1853 she adopted a son and made him the heir to the throne. The British Governor General Dalhousie refused to recognize her adopted son as heir to the throne and ordered annexation of Jhansi into British Raj. Rani Laxmibai refused to part with Jhansi. A fierce fight ensued. The Rani fought the British undauntedly leading her forces from the front and showed great courage and skill. She was fatally wounded in the battle and she breathed her last on 18-06-1858.
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National Song of India - Vande mataram

Designated as the National Song of India, "Vande Mataram" had three great minds working over it. It required the genius of Bankimchandra Chattyopaddhay to pen the beautiful verses of "Vande Mataram", the flair of Rabindranath Tagore to set it to a glorious tune and the skill of Shri Aurobindo Ghosh to render it in English with the essence of the song intact. Go over the Sanskrit lyrics of "Vande Mataram", as well as its English translation. Read the inspiring lines of the pathbreaking composition out of which India received the philosophy of new Nationalism.

Vande Mataram!
Sujalam suphalam, malayaja shitalam,
Shasyashyamalam, Mataram!
Shubhrajyotsna pulakitayaminim,
Phullakusumita drumadala shobhinim,
Suhasinim, sumadhura bhashinim,
Sukhadam, varadam, Mataram!

Saptakotikantha kalakala ninada karale
Dvisaptakoti bhujair dhrita-khara karavale
Abala kena ma eta bale
Bahubala dharinim, namami tarinim,
Ripudalavarinim Mataram!

Tumi vidya, tumi dharma,
Tumi hridi, tumi marma,
Tvam hi pranah sharire!

Bahute tumi ma shakti,
Hridaye tumi ma bhakti,
Tomarayipratima gari mandire mandire!

Tvam hi Durga dashapraharana dharini,
Kamala, Kamaladalaviharini,
Vani, vidyadayini namami tvam,

Namami Kamalam, amalam, atulam,
Sujalam, suphalam, Mataram,
Vande Mataram!

Shyamalam, saralam, susmitam, bhushitam,
Dharanim, bharanim, Mataram!


- Shri Bankimchandra Chattyopadhay

Download National Song

Total downloads: 73

There Are Many Things that People Overlook While Preparing for a Relocation

Think Ahead Before Moving
Relocating because of a job change or for personal reasons is an exciting endeavor.
http://www.associatedcontent.comarticle/1796800/think_ahead_before_moving.html

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

Human growth hormone, also known as HGH, is a hormone produced naturally by the human pituitary gland to stimulate cell growth and development. Medically, it is used to treat health disorders that involve stunted growth or hormone imbalances and deficiencies. Examples include Turner syndrome, deficiencies in natural HGH production, and other forms of growth retardation. However, HGH can, and has been, used for non-medical purposes as well. It is seeing usage an anti-aging treatment, as well as an athletic enhancement. Prescription HGH falls into three different categories based on how it is produced: Somatotropin, somatropin, and somatrem. Somatotropin is HGH that has been extracted from the pituitaries of cadavers. Use of cadaver extracted hormones, though, was discontinued in the early 1980s after discovering it could transfer Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease to recipients. Somatropin is the most commonly used method of HGH production that involves artificially creating HGH through animal cells. Somatrem, like somatropin, is artificially manufactured HGH that is produced using modified bacteria. Unlike somatropin, though, somatrem contains an extra amino acid in its sequence. Originally, HGH was only available through injections when it was first used as a treatment for humans in the 1980s. Research, though, on the hormone was able to yield new forms of delivery systems. In addition to injections, HGH can also be taken in pill form, as a homeopathic oral spray, or through a secretagogue. What the secretagogue method does is stimulate the development of HGH in the pituitary gland, rather than try to add additional HGH to the body by injection. Alternatively, some companies now provide HGH products in pill and spray form. Most of these products are aimed at both stimulating the body to produce more of its own HGH, as well as providing the amino acid building blocks of the body?s natural HGH. Popular HGH sprays such as Sytropin combine secretagogue with amino acids into a convenient oral spray. For those wishing to avoid the expense, pain, and side effects of prescription HGH injections, these natural HGH products can provide a highly effective alternative with many of the same types of health benefits as prescription HGH.

Author : http://www.high-spray.net
About Author : http://www.sytropinreviews.com/review-of-sytropin-hgh.html

Free 3 Column Blogger Templates

HOW TO ADD 3 COLUMN TEMPLATES TO YOUR BLOG

GO TO LAYOUT >> EDIT HTML >> THEN BROWSE THE TEMPLATE AND THEN CLICK ON UPLOAD AND ENJOY THE TEMPLATE!! For TEXT FILES JUST COPY THE SCRIPT AND PASTE IT IN EDIT TEMPLATE WINDOW AND CLICK ON SAVE TEMPLATE!!


WHEN YOU SEE BELOW IMAGE CLICK ON "CONFIRM & SAVE"... it's done now !!! GOOD LUCK

*before installing any of the latest templates, i request to BACKUP their old template..

*right click on "DOWNLOAD" & click "SAVE TARGET AS" to download any of the below templates.

10 Best Google Gadgets For Your Blog

Google Gadgets are mini tools that offer cool and dynamic content that can be placed on any page on the web. Though you can Google gadgets to your iGoogle page, Google Desktop, Blogger, and Page Creator, its even cooler to show off Google gadgets on your own site. There are some very cool gadgets out there, and here are some of my top picks in random order.

1. Countdown - Counts down to a user specified date. Customize it to countdown to any blog event, contest closing date, poll closing date, blog anniversary etc. Here is another one with text only display. Keep reminding your visitors and never miss a deadline.

2. Google Translate My Page - Gives you a quick dropdown menu to allow non-english readers to select their native language and translate the page using Google translation services. You can also get more gadgets with language flags. This is a good way to make your blog multilingual and get read by a wide international audience.

3. Digg 2.0 - Discover the best news, images and videos as voted on by the Digg community. You can customize your Digg gadget by topic, and view more story information, such as comments and a friend’s activity feed. Share interesting content rocking the web right now. You can also add Google News or BBC News.

4. Slim RSS Reader - Lets you add a custom RSS feed to display on your blog. Enter the RSS feed, number of items, title and you are done. Customize more with Simple rss reader or support multiple feeds with CustomRSS. Display feeds from your favorite blogs or topical categories in your sidebar.

5. YouTube Gadget - Display the top YouTube videos on your site, and let visitors browse around the Youtube site as well as play the videos without leaving your site. If sharing videos is your style, you need this now. Also try Google Videos.

6. Google talk - Everyone has a google account mostly via gmail and if your visitors are logged in, this gadgets lets them see your contacts online right now and send them instant messages. You can publicize your gtalk id and chat with your readers.

7. Photo of the Minute - Grabs a new latest photo from Flickr. Remove the photo info to optimize the size better. There are lots of gadgets that can rotate an interesting photo, graffiti, captions or cartoons. Try the National Geographic daily photo, Photos from Flickr etc.

8. Google Calendar - If you mark your blogging events on a Google calendar and share your public calendar, then why not add it to your blog and publicize the events you track. Grab this official widget and never miss a event.

9. Dilbert widget - Dilbert cartoon strip is a daily read that will bring a smile on your visitors face. Grab the official widget, resize it and load the daily Dilbert color comic strips and ranking. Or opt for a random Dilbert strip.

10. Date & Time - Some people like to place a widget displaying the date, time and calendar. Add a clock to your page. Click edit to change it to the color of your choice. Narrow the width to remove the calendar.

How to add a Google Gadgets?
Select the gadget you like, click the “Add to your webpage” button, edit the Display settings, Click to “Preview changes” and the click “Get the code” button to generate the HTML. Copy and paste the HTML into your webpage’s source code and behold and surprise your visitors. Remember that most gadgets can be easily resized by dragging the window from the bottom right corner, before you decide the final size.
Got more time? here are all the Google Gadgets For Your Webpage. Let me know of other gadgets that deserve to be listed here and I will add them.

How to increase traffic on your blog 2

Now you have started your blog and are excited about the topics you are going to discuss. You want to increase the number of visitors and responses to your blog.
Here are a few tips that will help to increase your readership:

• Content and postings - make regular postings - at least once per week. Review your stats - the blog software includes a basic statistics on visitors to your blog.
• However there is not a great level of detail. I would recommend also adding some other statistics counter. I use www.statcounter.com — you can get more details on where the visitors come from, what their path is, if they are first time or repeat visitors. Your stats over time will show you which topics generated the most interest and continue to bring you visitors.
• Experiment with different titles and topics until you see a pattern of interest.
  
• Add “tags” and “categories” to your postings. The tags are the most effective indexing words - and you should use tags that are words in your postings - as well as additional tags that you think people will be posting on.
  
• Add a link to your blog in your email signature, your facebook page, your linked in profile, your website, your twitter profile, your email newsletter, your online articles, and any other online profiles that you may have.
  
• Spend some time seeing how you can post in one place and have it appear via RSS feeds and widgets on the different locations. This way you will end up doing less work - always a good thing
  
• Read and comment on OTHER blogs and social networks. - and be sure that you are showing your blog in your signature. Your participation brings people from their blog over to your blog for more information
  
• These are just some of the ways that you can increase your blog readership. Send me your favorite methods for increasing your blog traffic and we will all grow. Fill in the comment form to reply.

FREE Ways To Increase Your Blog Traffic

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How To Increase Traffic to Your Blog

One important topic for blog owners is how to increase traffic, which is easier than it seems, once you know how. In this article, we cover 7 specific methods of increasing traffic to your blog.

Tip #1: Sign up for pinging servicesIt seems pretty obvious, but many bloggers, even those who are more experienced, don’t sign up for pinging services. If you’re new to blogging, pinging means that when your blog is updated, a “ping” is sent out by the service to let pinging sites know that your blog has been updated. People who are visiting sites with pinging services will then see your blog flash across the side of the screen as “newly updated.” Pinging services include Yahoo’s blogs, weblogs.com, Google Blog search and ZingFast.

Tip #2: Sign up for TechnoratiIf you go to technorati.com, you’ll see an option on the left side of the screen to “Claim Your Blog.” Doing so allows you to get updated link counts, add your photo or branding to Technorati and see your Technorati link. Having your blog claimed on Technorati helps to increase traffic because the millions of people who go to that site will have a chance to see your blog listed there.

Tip #3: Sign up for FeedBurner, an RSS service FeedBurner basically helps you to promote your blog’s content, and to build and measure your audience.

Tip #4: Bookmark your blogs at places like del.icio.us You can set up an account and profile at del.icio.us. From there, you can add links to your blog, as well as excerpts. When a user visits your profile on del.icio.us, they will see a link to your blog and excerpts. There are other social bookmarking sites that you can use in much the same way. All of these social bookmarking sites can help you increase traffic.

Tip #5: Post comments at other blogs Here, you should visit similar blogs to your own, post legitimate comments and then sign your name(along with a link to your blog). This way, people know you aren’t there just to promote your site—you’re there to post a good piece of feedback and also say where you’re from.

Tip #6: Ask owners of other blogs to post a link to yours Find other blogs that are similar to yours. If they seem to be decently popular (if they have a good amount of comments for each post), contact the owner of the blog and ask if they will add a link to your blog. Offering to link back to their blog is a way to sweeten the offer. Reciprocal linking helps to increase traffic.

Tip #7: Use keywords in your blog Like regular Web pages, having a good keyword density on a blog is a terrific way of getting search engine spiders to notice your page. (FYI: Search engine spiders are programs from search engines that browse sites and report back their findings to the search engine database, which then lists that site. The more keywords on your site, the more likely it is for a search engine spider to pay a visit)

If your average blog posting is around 200 words, use 2-6 keywords per blog post. This creates a keyword density of between 1 and 3 percent, a respectable number. Remember that you don’t want to use too many keywords, as that will make your blog look bad. Also be sure that the keywords used are relevant to your blog. Before even making a blog posting, decide what the post will be about and then select a keyword or two to use in your post. This will help to increase your traffic.

How To Submit Blog To Google, Msn And Yahoo Search Engine

Why should we submit our blogs to the search engines like Google search engine, Msn search engine and Yahoo search engine?

The most simple and obvious reason is that we want people to reach our blog when they search some specific information. For this we need our blogs to be indexed in the three most powerful search engine of the world and these three search engines are Google, Msn and Yahoo.

Especially new people or say new bloggers after creating a decent blogs with great content wonders how to submit their blogs to the search engines. Submitting to the search engine is very easy process. There are lots of search engines. Some people may say you to submit blogs to all kinds of search engines but I suggest don’t give a crap about those statements. If your blog get indexed well in these three big search engines then other will eventually link to your blog. So you will get your blog indexed for free in those crappy search engines. You should aim only to submit in this three search engines.

So how to submit blogs in these three Google, Msn and Yahoo search engines. I am going to baby sit you for a while, so don’t worry. I will write them down in very step to step instructions for you. You just follow them carefully and I am sure you will thank me later when you will see your blog indexed in these three search engine.

So here are the following steps of instruction for submitting blogs to Google, Msn and Yahoo search engine.

1. Submit blog to Google search engine

First visit www.google.com/addurl/?continue=/addurl

After you visit above site, you will get a form where you need to give URL of the blog. Give the URL of your blog which you wanted to get index in Google search engine and then write down the verification characters and click on the “Add URL” button. That’s it. After 2-3 days or after maximum of 1 week. It will show up in google. I got mine new blog called Make Money Online with Bidvertiser indexed in 2 days.

2. Submit blog to Msn search engine

First visit www.beta.search.msn.com/docs/submit.aspx?FORM=WSUT

After you visit above site, you will again find a form where you verify the characters and need give URL of the blog. Again submit your blog URL which you wanted to get index in Msn search engine and hit the button called “Submit URL”. That’s it. Msn too takes only few days to index the blogs. I got mine new blog indexed in 3 days in Msn and that’s too in very high position. When you will search make money online with bidvertiser, you will get my blog in 11th position, isn’t that good for a very new blog.

3. Submit blog to Yahoo search engine

First visit www.search.yahoo.com/info/submit.html

After you visit above site, you will be taken to the new web page where there you will get an option “Submit your site for free”. Click on that link. It will take you to a new page where you can submit your blog as well as blog feed. You will need to login your yahoo account to this work.

I hope you understand all the points. If you find hard following then steps the you can visit another post on Submit blog to Google search engine where the instructions are explained through pictures. It will be easy for you to understand.

99% of war against LTTE is over, says Sri Lanka minister

The Sri Lanka government says there are only "square meters" of land still under the control of the LTTE.

Speaking at the official opening of a new building at Kundasale in Kandy, the Defence spokesperson, Minister Keheliya Rambukwella, said that the security forces would capture the remaining blocks of land in the coming days.

The Minister stressed that 99% of the war against the LTTE is now over.
According to the Defence spokesperson, the main secret of the current success is the “well-planned system” of President Mahinda Rajapaksa.

"The present war advancements are accurately on progression in the North," Rambukwella

Train of thought: Obama, the new Lincoln of US

Two million people have gathered in Washington D.C. for the inaugural celebration, though the actual swearing-in can accomodate only 2,40,000 people. That's two-and-a-half lakh people for just the swearing-in. But it all started a couple of days ago, when Barack Obama and family traced the historic journey by America's greatest president Abraham Lincoln by train.

“Let's make sure this election is not the end of what we do to change America, but just the beginning,” Obama said.

From Philadelphia, the train slowed down in Claymont, Delaware, where crowds cheered as he waved from the last car.

Then a stop in Wilmington to pick up his vice-president Joe Biden and wife Jill. And throughout his journey Obama spoke of his dream for America.

“Now it falls to us to ensure that everyone in this country can make it if they try. Now it falls to us to pick ourselves up, to reach for the promise of a better day and to work hard every single day, together to perfect our union once more,” Obama said.

Obama's journey, the ' whistle stop tour' is the most popular way for presidents-elect to reach out and stay connected. But when it is Obama, it is all about being different.

He chose to retrace the path Abaraham Lincoln took on his inaugural trip to Washington over a century-and-a-half ago. But Obama's journey was more symbolic.

Lincoln covered more than 2,500 kilometers while Obama was much shorter – only 220 kilometers. Lincoln took a 12-day journey across the length and breadth of the country whereas Obama's was just a one-day journey with only two stops.

The journey onboard the 80-year-old Georgia 300, now renamed the 'Obama Express', has more parallels to Lincoln than just the route. After his journey, Lincoln went ahead and abolished slavery, sparking off the American Civil War, Obama too even before his journey has started is policies against some equally tough challenges.

Usain Bolt sets world Record in Men\'s 100m Final (9.69 sec)

Bang, Bang, Bang....

Somali pirates seize three Indians, navy to take action

New Delhi, Jan 16 (IANS) Three Indians are being held hostage by Somali pirates on board a Kenyan fishing vessel in the Gulf of Aden since Jan 9, the Indian Navy said Friday while assuring that action would be taken to free them.The ship, M V Alpha Manyara, was taken over by the pirates near the Kenyan coast. It is also believed to have had Kenyan sailors on board who are said to have been released by the pirates.

“It is a fishing boat that Kenyans have been operating from Kenya. An Indian engineer, captain and sailor are on board. We will take whatever action is required to see that they are released at the earliest,” Indian Navy chief Admiral Sureesh Mehta told reporters here.

A relative of one of the Indians being held hostage said the pirates were holding the Indians after setting free eight Kenyan sailors.

The incident comes two months after Somali pirates hijacked the Stolt Valor vessel with 22 crewmembers including 18 Indians off the Yemeni coast Sep 15. Eventually all the Indians were freed.

Navy will rescue Indian hostages: Adm. Mehta

The Navy Chief, Admiral Suresh Mehta says the Navy will take required action to release the Indian sailors being held hostage. They have been held hostage by Somali pirates after they hijacked a ship off the coast of Kenya on the 9th of this month. Admiral Suresh Mehta was talking to reporters in New Delhi on Friday morning during his visit to the NCC Parade. Asked about the number of hostages , he said three Indian's including the captain of the ship were on board. Reports say, 11 members of the crew were in the ship when it was hijacked. Except three Indian's all of them, who were Kenyans have been set free. Giving details, he said the incident took place well outside the Gulf. Admiral Mehta said that Indian ships deployed in the Gulf of Aden did not go for patrolling near the Kenyan coast. Earlier, a vessel owned by a Japanese company was released by the Somalia pirates on 16th November setting free 18 Indian sailors.

Laden back, calls for jihad against Israel

Osama Bin Laden has called for Jihad against Israel. In a 22-minute taped message, Laden also criticised Arab regimes for preventing their people who want to 'liberate Palestine'. It was not immediately clear when the message, posted on Islamist websites, was recorded, but it is dated in the current Islamic month.

"God has bestowed us with the patience to continue the path of jihad for another seven years. The question is, can America continue its war with us for several more decades to come? Reports and evidence would suggest otherwise.", Laden said.

The al-Qaeda leader, who has a $25 million bountry on his head and has been in hiding since the September 11 attacks in 2001, also said that the global financial crisis had exposed the waning influence of the United States and would in turn weaken its ally Israel.

If confirmed as genuine it would be the first such message fromthe al-Qaeda figurehead since May last year when a recording was released to coincide with Israel's 60th anniversary. However, Laden has not appeared in video footage since 2004, when he emerged days before the US election and addressed the American public. His failure to record a further video message has fuelled speculation that he is dead. If alive, he is likely to be hiding with other members of 'core' al-Qaeda in Pakistan in the lawless territory bordering Afghanistan.

Key Witness is Missing (Mumbai Attack)

Anita Rajendra Uddaiya, the first and one of the key witness who saw the landing of the ten terrorists of Mumbai Attacks from a rubber dinghy, has gone missing mysteriously from her home since Sunday.

According to Anita's daughter Seema Ketan Joshi, Anita has been missing for the past two days and was not traceable despite frantic search by the family after which they lodged a missing persons complaint with the Cuffe Parade Police station.

On Novermbe 26, 47-year old Anita was sitting on a boat at the Fisherman's Colony in Cuffe Parade when she saw the ten terrorists land on the shores. The terrorists passed by her and went up to the road from where they took tasxis to various locations. She lives in a colony of shanties, which lies close to the seashores, with her house being the first one on the approach to the coast.

Seema said that Aniat was not under any pressure and has been assisting the police in their investigation. A week earlier she was taken to the JJ Hospital to identify the bodies of the nine terrorists.

Police say they are taking the matter very seriously since Anita was a key witness and was the first and perhaps the only person to have seen all the terrorists together and from a very close distance.

Seema said Anita was likely to be taken for the identification parade of the lone surviving terrorist Ajmal Amir Qasab, now lodged in the Mumbai Central Prison, the Arther Road jail.

"We have lodged a missing person's complaint and are investigating, "said a senior police official, who refused to divulge details. A few of Anita's neighbours are also very perlexed about her disappearance.

They sad the police and officials from other agencies have been summoning her several time3s for assisting in investigations.

Israel Intensifies Attacks on Gaza Despite Diplomatic Efforts for Cease-Fire

Israel says it has inflicted serious damage on Hamas' military infrastructure but it says much more work remains to be done before it stops its offensive in Gaza. There are no signs of a let-up in the conflict, despite diplomatic efforts.

Gunfire rings in the Gaza Strip for yet another day.

Residents inside the enclave say the pre-dawn hours of Tuesday saw some of the most intense fighting since the start of the Israeli offensive 18 days ago. Israeli ground troops pushed deeper into Gaza City, pounding targets with artillery and tank fire, and what Israeli officials say were 60 air strikes between Monday and Tuesday.

Israel Defense Forces Chief of Staff Gabi Ashkenazi says Israeli forces have hit Hamas hard, but he says the offensive will continue until Israel's goals are achieved. Ashkenazi says Israeli forces have inflicted damage on Hamas including its infrastructure, its government institutions and its military wing. But he says there is still much work ahead. He says his forces are working to inflict further damage on the military infrastructure and to limit the rocket fire into Israel.

The Israeli aim is to end Hamas' ability to fire rockets at its civilians in southern Israel. Tuesday, militants fired more rockets shortly after sunrise.Both sides say they are willing to consider a cease-fire, but not until their goals are achieved.

Ismail Haniyeh, appeared on television from a hideout on Monday. He said victory is at hand for Hamas, but said he is ready to negotiate a cease-fire if Israeli forces pull out of Gaza and end a blockade of its borders.Haniyeh says Hamas officials are working in diplomatic channels and are receptive toward any initiative to stop the aggression against the people in Gaza. He also says the Israeli forces should be removed immediately from Gaza and he says the border crossings should be re-opened. Palestinian medical officials say the casualties have now surpassed 900, and the humanitarian situation continues to worsen. The head of the international Red Cross entered Gaza on Tuesday. At least 13 Israelis have died in the fighting. U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon is due in the region on Wednesday, to give cease-fire efforts yet another push.

Iran Urges States to cut diplomatic ties with Israel

TEHRAN, Jan. 13 2009 (Xinhua) -- Iran's Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mottaki said Tuesday that Iran has called on world states, Arab and Islamic countries in particular, to cut their diplomatic ties with Israel to show their support for Palestinians.

Mottaki made the remarks on the sidelines of a bell-ringing ceremony at one of Tehran's schools held as a symbolic move to show support of Iranian students for their fellow students in GazaStrip, the official IRNA news agency reported.

Referring to the expulsion of Israel's ambassadors from Mauritania and Venezuela, Mottaki said other countries could do likewise as a pressure lever on Israel.

A headquarters has been established at Iran's Foreign Ministry to coordinate measures made by various Iranian ministries and organizations, including Ministry of Health and the Red Crescent Society, to support and help the people of Gaza, Mottaki said.

Palestinian medics said Monday that over 900 people had been killed and more than 4,100 others wounded, around half of them are civilians, since the beginning of Israel's military offensive on Gaza Strip on Dec. 27.

Health - Very Very Important Tips

Answer the phone by LEFT ear.

Do not drink coffee TWICE a day.

Do not take pills with COOL water.

Do not have HUGE meals after 5pm.

Reduce the amount of OILY food you consume.

Drink more WATER in the morning, less at night.

Keep your distance from hand phone CHARGERS.

Do not use headphones/earphone for LONG period of time.

Best sleeping time is from 10pm at night to 6am in the morning.

Do not lie down immediately after taking medicine before sleeping.

When battery is down to the LAST grid/bar, do not answer the phone as the radiation is 1000 times.

Forward this to those whom you CARE about!

'Kill them'

"If you are still threatened, then don't saddle yourself with the burden of the hostages. Immediately kill them."

Suspected coordinator of Mumbai attacksPakistan's confirmation of Kasab's nationality came after Indian investigators handed over what they said was evidence the Mumbai attacks were launched from across the border.

On Wednesday Indian media reports carried details of a transcript of phone calls Indian authorities say they intercepted during the siege, with men said to be Pakistan-based fighters issuing orders, reprimands and encouragement to the gunmen.
"Keep your phone switched on," the transcript quotes one handler instructing a gunman, "so that we can hear the gunfire".

"We have three foreigners, including women,'' a gunman responded from Mumbai's Oberoi Hotel where hostages had been captured.

India's prime minister has said Pakistan must do more to prevent further attacks "Kill them," replied the alleged handler.

The transcript then says that gunshots are heard, followed by cheering.

The transcripts, obtained by The Hindu newspaper, were translated from Punjabi into English by Indian authorities.

Elsewhere the documents detail an alleged exchange between a handler and gunmen who had seized a Mumbai Jewish centre.

"If you are still threatened, then don't saddle yourself with the burden of the hostages. Immediately kill them," the handler tells the attackers.
Six Jewish foreigners, including a rabbi and his wife, were killed inside the building.

Mumbai suspect is 'Pakistani'

Pakistani officials have acknowledged for the first time that the lone surviving suspected gunman from November's attacks on the Indian city of Mumbai attacks is of Pakistani origin.

Shortly after the announcement the country's senior security adviser was sacked, apparently for leaking the news without government approval.

Mahmoud Ali Durrani, the country's national security adviser, was fired following his "irresponsible behaviour, a statement from the office of Pakistan's prime minister said.

It said Durrani had been removed "for not taking [the] prime minister and other stakeholders into confidence, and lack of co-ordination on matters of national security".

Pakistan's Geo television station quoted Yousuf Raza Gilani, the Pakistani prime minister, as saying that Durrani had made unauthorised comments to the media that suspected Mumbai gunman Mohammed Ajmal Kasab, is a Pakistani national.


Indian officials say that Kasab is the sole survivor of 10 gunmen involved in the November attacks, which left at least 179 people dead with hundreds more wounded.

On Wednesday, following Durrani's alleged comments on the issue, Pakistan's foreign and information ministries confirmed Kasab was a citizen of Pakistan.

Tensions between Pakistan and India have increased markedly in the wake of the Mumbai killings, with Indian officials expressing doubt that the attacks could have taken place without the knowledge of senior figures in Pakistan.

What is Super Dedication!!!!!!!!!

This is what u call dedication to one 's work........

** If opportunity doesn't knock at your door, you go knocking at it. **

Stabilising Pak a key challenge for Obama: Bush aide

Washington (IANS): Stability and success in the war on terror in Pakistan will be a key challenge for the Obama administration to resolve the Afghanistan problem and keep Pakistan-India relations on a positive footing, according to a top aide of President George W. Bush.

"So there is a lot at stake in Pakistan, and they have as daunting a task as any government today," National Security Adviser Stephen Hadley said in a valedictory speech at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies Wednesday.
"And it is going to be very important for the new team to support their (Islamabad's) efforts," he said, adding he was encouraged by statements from President-elect Barack Obama and Vice President-elect Joe Biden.

"I think they understand the challenge that Pakistan faces, and that means the challenge we face," said Hadley suggesting the new government in Islamabad "wants to confront terror, but does not really at this point have the tools and has probably as difficult a challenge to deal with the various groups that it has of any nation."
"And that's why I think it is going to be one of the key challenges, because success in Pakistan, overcoming this challenge, is important for stability in Pakistan, which is important to us in itself," he said

"But stability in Pakistan is also going to be important and success in the war on terror in Pakistan is also going to be important if we're going to take care of the problem in Afghanistan and if we are going to get Pakistan and Indian relations to continue on a positive footing," Hadley said.

Touting the India-US civil nuclear deal as a key success of Bush's foreign policy, he said: "We have formed a new strategic partnership with the world's largest democracy - India. An historic agreement for civil nuclear cooperation has helped transform our relationship and make us global partners."

Describing Pakistan as "a victim of terror," Hadley said it was true that "activities in certain of the border regions of Pakistan make more difficult achieving democratic stability in Afghanistan."

"But I think one of the things we've also seen is that those - that terrorist presence -Taliban, Al Qaeda, and other extremist groups - also are a threat to Pakistan," he said. "And I think this democratic government in Pakistan understands that."

The democratic government in Pakistan, "is a real opportunity, because we think that democratic government has the opportunity to rally the people of Pakistan behind what is going to be a very difficult fight". Hadley said when asked why the US could not control terrorism there in the last eight years.

"This is a new government. It is getting its bearings. It faces severe terrorist threats from organizations that have deep roots into the society," he said noting, "They have a military force that was designed for conventional conflict with India, not for dealing with counter-terrorism."

Afghanistan will be another early challenge for the new administration," Hadley said noting the Taliban remain a serious threat as "its fighters have found safe haven across the border in Pakistan."

"And if the extremists succeed in destabilising Pakistan, the chaos will threaten peace and progress throughout the region. So stabilising Pakistan must be a first priority of the new administration-as it has been one of ours," he said.
Describing the Asia-Pacific as a region of increasing importance to America's security and economic well-being, Hadley said: "Bush's strategy has been to revitalise existing alliances, establish new strategic partnerships, bring China into the international system as a responsible player, confront terrorist and proliferation threats, and promote freedom and democracy."

India should cease all military ties with Israel

Kochi : The CPI(M) on Thursday said India should immediately cease all military cooperation with Israel in view of Tel Aviv's military offensive in Gaza.

Briefing reporters on the party's three-day central committee meeting which began here today, CPI(M) leader Sitaram Yechury said India cannot be a party to the "inhuman Israeli juggernaut".

"India must exercise its influence among developing countries to work for an immediate ceasefire and for eventual realisation of the Palestinian state", he said.

The central committee adopted a resolution condemning the Israeli military aggrression on Gaza, he said.

Yechury said the Congress-led UPA government at the Centre has identified itself as an 'ally' of Israel, which is 'harmful' to the country's interests and spoiled India's traditional support to the Palestinian cause.

Referring to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's statement on Thursday condemning the Israeli attack, he said it would remain mere rhetoric unless India, with a very large military trade with Israel, immediately suspends its military cooperation, including launching of spy satellites.

Unless this is done, India will continue to be seen as an ally of Israel, he said.

Origin of Mumbai attack was Pak: US

Washington: The US has reiterated that November 26 Mumbai terrorist attacks originated from Pakistan, but wants New Delhi and Islamabad to work together to bring those responsible to justice and prevent future attacks.
"Well, we've talked about the origins of the attack coming from Pakistani soil. Secretary (of State Condoleeza) Rice, during her visit to the region, said that herself," State Department Spokesman Sean McCormack said on Tuesday.

India blames Pak, Islamabad threatens UN action

But "I would look at one part of this exchange as encouraging; that is, that there is an exchange of information here between India and Pakistan," he said when asked if the US shared India's conclusion that those responsible for the Mumbai attacks were at least supported by official agencies in Pakistan.
"Now of course, tensions need to be managed, and thus far, it would seem that the two sides have an interest in doing that," McCormack said.
The US Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asian Affairs, "Richard Boucher, who is travelling in the region, I thought put it very well in saying that each side, in terms of putting together the full picture here, has pieces of the puzzle that the other doesn't."

Details of 26/11 not evidence: Pak
"And so it's in their interest to work together, to exchange information, to get the full picture, and to be able to act to prevent attacks as well as to bring to justice those responsible for the attacks in Mumbai," McCormack said.
"So in that sense, the common enemy here are the violent extremists. The greatest threat isn't from each other, whether that be India or Pakistan. It's from the violent extremists," he added.
Boucher held talks with the Pakistani leadership in Islamabad Monday as New Delhi handed over to Islamabad evidence linking the terrorists behind the Mumbai attacks to elements in Pakistan, which the US diplomat described as a positive step.

ISI plans 'Islamic Republic of Pakistan' by 2020 in India
Boucher told a press conference in Islamabad it was "clear that the attackers had links that lead to Pakistani soil."
He also said Pakistan's crackdown on the Jamaat-ud-Dawa, a charity with links to the terror outfit Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), showed the country's "commitment to eliminate sources of terrorism on Pakistani soil. There is determination here to follow up and find the groups that are responsible so they never do it again," he said.

2006 Lebanon War

The 2006 Lebanon War, known in Lebanon as the July War (Arabic: حرب تموز‎, Ḥarb Tammūz) and in Israel as the Second Lebanon War (Hebrew: מלחמת לבנון השנייה‎, Milhemet Levanon HaShniya), was a 33-day military conflict in Lebanon and northern Israel. The principal parties were Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israeli military. The conflict started on 12 July 2006, and continued until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into effect in the morning on 14 August 2006, though it formally ended on 8 September 2006 when Israel lifted its naval blockade of Lebanon.

The conflict began when Hezbollah militants purposely fired rockets at Israeli border towns as a diversion for an anti-tank missile attack on two armored Humvees patrolling the Israeli side of the border fence. Of the seven Israeli soldiers in the two jeeps, two were wounded, three were killed, and two were kidnapped and taken to Lebanon. Five more were killed in a failed Israeli rescue attempt. Israel responded with massive airstrikes and artillery fire on targets in Lebanon that damaged Lebanese civilian infrastructure, including Beirut's Rafic Hariri International Airport (which Israel alleged that Hezbollah used to import weapons and supplies), an air and naval blockade, and a ground invasion of southern Lebanon. Hezbollah then launched more rockets into northern Israel and engaged the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in guerrilla warfare from hardened positions.

The conflict killed over a thousand people, widely reported to be mostly Lebanese civilians, severely damaged Lebanese civil infrastructure, and displaced approximately one million Lebanese and 300,000–500,000 Israelis, although most were able to return to their homes. After the ceasefire, some parts of Southern Lebanon remained uninhabitable due to Israeli unexploded cluster bomblets.

On 11 August 2006, the United Nations Security Council unanimously approved UN Resolution 1701 in an effort to end the hostilities. The resolution, which was approved by both Lebanese and Israeli governments the following days, called for disarmament of Hezbollah, for withdrawal of Israel from Lebanon, and for the deployment of Lebanese soldiers and an enlarged United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) force in southern Lebanon. The Lebanese army began deploying in southern Lebanon on 17 August 2006. The blockade was lifted on 8 September 2006. On 1 October, 2006, most Israeli troops withdrew from Lebanon, though the last of the troops continue to occupy the border-straddling village of Ghajar. In the time since the enactment of UNSCR 1701 both the Lebanese government and UNIFIL have stated that they will not disarm Hezbollah. The remains of the two kidnapped soldiers, whose fates were unknown, were returned to Israel on 16 July 2008 as part of a prisoner exchange.
The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) had engaged in cross-border attacks from southern Lebanon into Israel as far back as 1968, and the area became a significant base following the arrival of the PLO leadership and its Fatah brigade after their 1971 expulsion from Jordan. Demographic tensions were running high over the Lebanese National Pact, which divided governmental powers among religious groups, leading in part to the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). Concurrently, Syria began a 29 year military occupation. Israel's 1978 invasion of Lebanon failed to stem the Palestinian attacks, but Israel invaded Lebanon again in 1982 and forcibly expelled the PLO. Israel withdrew to a borderland buffer zone in southern Lebanon, held with the aid of proxy militants in the South Lebanon Army (SLA). In 1985, a Shi'a militant group calling itself Hezbollah declared an armed struggle to end the Israeli occupation of Lebanese territory. When the Lebanese civil war ended and other warring factions agreed to disarm, Hezbollah and the SLA refused. Combat with Hezbollah led to a collapse of the SLA.

When in 2000 Israel withdrew from Southern Lebanon to the UN designated border, Hezbollah immediately followed in. Citing Israeli control of the disputed Shebaa farms region and the incarceration of Lebanese prisoners in Israel, Hezbollah continued cross border attacks, and used the tactic of seizing soldiers from Israel as leverage for a prisoner exchange in 2004, though it also continues to call for Israel's destruction.
Beginning of conflict

At around 8:07 AM local time (05:07 UTC) on 12 July 2006, Hezbollah launched diversionary rocket attacks toward Israeli military positions near the coast and near the border village of Zar'it as well as on the Israeli town of Shlomi and other villages. At the same time, a Hezbollah ground contingent crossed the border into Israeli territory and attacked two Israeli armoured Humvees patrolling on the Israeli side of the Israel-Lebanon border, near Zar'it, killing three, injuring two, and kidnapping two Israeli soldiers (master sergeant Ehud Goldwasser and first sergeant Eldad Regev). Five more Israeli soldiers were killed later and a tank was destroyed on the Lebanese side of the border during an unsuccessful attempt to rescue the two kidnapped soldiers.
Hezbollah named the attack "Operation Truthful Promise" after leader Hassan Nasrallah's public pledges over the prior year and a half to seize Israeli soldiers and swap them for four Lebanese held by Israel:

• Samir Kuntar (a Lebanese citizen captured during a terrorist attack in 1979, convicted of murdering civilians and a police officer);
  
• Nasim Nisr (an Israeli-Lebanese citizen tried and convicted for spying by Israel);
  
• Yahya Skaf (a Lebanese citizen whom Hezbollah claims was arrested in Israel, Israel denies);
  
• Ali Faratan (another Lebanese citizen whom Hezbollah claims to be held in Israel).
  

Nasrallah claimed that Israel had broken a previous deal to release these prisoners, and since diplomacy had failed, violence was the only remaining option. Nasrallah declared: "No military operation will return the Israeli captured soldiers…The prisoners will not be returned except through one way: indirect negotiations and a trade of prisoners."
Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert described the seizure of the soldiers as an "act of war" by the sovereign country of Lebanon, stating that "Lebanon will bear the consequences of its actions" and promising a "very painful and far-reaching response." Israel blamed the Lebanese government for the raid, as it was carried out from Lebanese territory and Hezbollah had two ministers serving in the Lebanese cabinet at that time. In response, Lebanese Prime Minister Fouad Siniora denied any knowledge of the raid and stated that he did not condone it. An emergency meeting of the Lebanese government reaffirmed this position.

The Israel Defense Forces attacked targets within Lebanon with artillery and airstrikes hours before the Israeli Cabinet met to discuss a response. The Israeli aviation bombed several areas in Lebanon (bridges and roads, the Beirut airport), resulting in 44 civilian deaths.
Later that same day (12 July 2006), the Cabinet decided to authorize the Prime Minister, the Defense Minister and their deputies to pursue the plan which they had proposed for action within Lebanon. The decision also emphasized Prime Minister Olmert's demand that the Israeli Defense Force avoid civilian casualties whenever possible. Israel's chief of staff Dan Halutz said, "if the soldiers are not returned, we will turn Lebanon's clock back 20 years" while the head of Israel's Northern Command Udi Adam said, "this affair is between Israel and the state of Lebanon. Where to attack? Once it is inside Lebanon, everything is legitimate -- not just southern Lebanon, not just the line of Hezbollah posts." On 12 July 2006, the Israeli Cabinet promised that Israel would "respond aggressively and harshly to those who carried out, and are responsible for, today's action". The Cabinet's communiqué stated, in part, that the "Lebanese Government [was] responsible for the action that originated on its soil." A retired Israeli Army Colonel explained that the rationale behind the attack was to create a rift between the Lebanese population and Hezbollah supporters by exacting a heavy price from the elite in Beirut.

On 16 July, the Israeli Cabinet released a communiqué explaining that, although Israel had engaged in military operations within Lebanon, its war was not against the Lebanese government. The communiqué stated: "Israel is not fighting Lebanon but the terrorist element there, led by Nasrallah and his cohorts, who have made Lebanon a hostage and created Syrian- and Iranian-sponsored terrorist enclaves of murder."
When asked in August about the proportionality of the response, Prime Minister Olmert stated that the "war started not only by killing eight Israeli soldiers and abducting two but by shooting Katyusha and other rockets on the northern cities of Israel on that same morning. Indiscriminately." He added "no country in Europe would have responded in such a restrained manner as Israel did."

Palestinian Sunni Islamist paramilitary (Hamas)

Leader - Khaled Mashaal, Ismail Haniyah, Mahmoud Zahar

Founded - 1987

Headquarters - Gaza

Ideology - Palestinian nationalism, Sunni Islamism, Religious Nationalism

Hamas (حماس amās, an acronym of حركة المقاومة الاسلامية arakat al-Muqāwamat al-Islāmiyyah, meaning "Islamic Resistance Movement") is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist paramilitary organization and political party which holds a majority of seats in the elected legislative council of the Palestinian National Authority.

Hamas was created in 1987 by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, Abdel Aziz al-Rantissi and Mohammad Taha of the Palestinian wing of the Muslim Brotherhood at the beginning of the First Intifada. Notorious for its numerous suicide bombings and other attacks on Israeli civilians and security forces, Hamas also runs extensive social programs and has gained popularity in Palestinian society by establishing hospitals, education systems, libraries and other services throughout the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Hamas' charter calls for the destruction of the State of Israel and its replacement with a Palestinian Islamic state in the area that is now Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip. Hamas describes its conflict with Israel as political and not religious or antisemitic. However, its founding charter, writings, and many of its public statements reflect the influence of antisemitic conspiracy theories.

Hamas's political wing has won many local elections in Gaza, Qalqilya, and Nablus. In January 2006, Hamas won a surprise victory in the Palestinian parliamentary elections, taking 76 of the 132 seats in the chamber, while the previous ruling Fatah party took 43. Many perceived the preceding Fatah government as corrupt and ineffective, and Hamas's supporters see it as an "armed resistance" movement defending Palestinians from the Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories. However, since Hamas's election victory, particularly sharp infighting has occurred between Hamas and Fatah.

Following the Battle of Gaza in June of 2007, elected Hamas officials were ousted from their positions in the Palestinian National Authority government in the West Bank, replaced by rival Fatah members and independents in an action that many Palestinians and other experts considered illegal. On 18 June 2007, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas (Fatah) issued a decree outlawing the Hamas militia and executive force.
Hamas is listed as a terrorist organization by Canada, the European Union, Israel, Japan, and the United States, and is banned in Jordan. Australia and the United Kingdom list only the military wing of Hamas, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, as a terrorist organization. The United States and the European Union have both implemented restrictive measures against Hamas on an international level.

Funding
According to the U.S. State Dept, Hamas is funded by Iran (led by a Shi'i Islamic regime), Palestinian expatriates, and "private benefactors in Saudi Arabia and other Arab states." The party is known to support families of suicide bombers after their deaths, including providing a monthly allowance. Various sources, among them United Press International, Le Canard enchaîné, Gérard Chaliand and L'Humanité have highlighted that Hamas' early growth had been supported by the Mossad as a "counterbalance to the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)". Furthermore, the French investigative newspaper Le Canard enchaîné stated that Shin Bet had also supported Hamas as a counterweight to the PLO and Fatah, in an attempt to give "a religious slant to the conflict, in order to make the West believe that the conflict was between Jews and Muslims", thus supporting the controversial thesis of a "clash of civilizations".
The charitable trust Holy Land Foundation for Relief and Development was accused in December 2001 of funding Hamas. The case against the foundation, however, ended in a mistrial in which, of the 200 charges filed by the United States Justice Department, the jurors had acquitted on some counts and were deadlocked on charges ranging from tax violations to providing material support for terrorists. However in a retrial, on November 24, 2008 the U.S. won convictions of the five leaders of the Holy Land Foundation on all 108 counts of the original indictment.